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0:00 All right, people say good morning. Good morning. Let us begin beginning by thanking all of our sponsors for this morning's shar to thank our sponsors for the month of Tamos for dedicating all the month for dedicating all the dr this month for the third of Philadelphia. He was a child survivor of avitz who learned every morning at 0:48 5:00 a.m. Torah truly beautiful sponsors for today and Sarah Steinberg and the continued health first ultimate Greg and Reena Tresman of the arts of Greg's father Irvin Tresman and Hindi Abramson as a formuli's father Morai Benav who 1:16 recently underwent surgery this peric is especially meaningful as it is the parake knows best after more than 50 years as may the learning be completely let us have a lot to do today today's 48 we are picking up on me. Zhmed B 47B. 1:52 Did we leave off with Yoseph? Is that where we left off? Chrome. Okay, it's good. So Yose I will say which is which is 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 27 28 a lot a lot about about about 30 30 lines up from the bottom. This is where I begin. was also by the way yesterday and I want to I want to thank I want to 2:16 thank the that came over to me after the shar the we we we we spoke about the case of the different parts of the of the loes of the lungs sticking together so I use the word pus but the truth is Dr. Glaston first then abdove it also clecttomy afterwards there wasn't really a case of pus it was a case of in of mucus right because again the whole idea over here is pus would be indicative of 2:39 an injury and the whole of the is that dava that it's injured is just additional mucus that's causing the loes to stick together you detach them what ends up happening so thank you thank you for that amendation and correction if you have a scab that developed in the lung as a result of an injury analocchrome ultimately again it's not a proper scab we spoke about we've already mentioned this a number of times already 3:05 that pulmonary scabbing is not sufficient to go ahead and take away the potential injury therefore the animal is still a tr seen that many times before this is a repeat of something two days ago as well if you have a lung literally that is hissing which means again you hear air escaping from the lung if I know where the air is escaping 3:27 from. So again, we put on top of it again a feather or or saliva or straw. If there's enough air coming out of the lung that it causes the feather, the straw, the saliva to move, then the animals are the and if not, the animal is going to be said this is very important. I don't know that I reinforced this enough the first time. 3:54 We've always mentioned before that any level of perforation in the lung makes the animal a trafa. It's clear from the gimmar. It's not true. In other words, can you have an animal that has a perforated lung and it's still kosher? The answer is yes. The perforation has to be significant enough that allow allows this amount of air to escape that would move a feather that would move a piece of straw that would that would go 4:17 and cause the saliva to move. That's that's the shear so to speak for the perforation. Now, what if I don't know where the perforation is? I don't know where the perforation is. We've had this before. 4:32 So, we bring a bowl of lukewarm water and we go ahead and we put the lung inside the water. Now, obviously, what are we looking for? We're looking for bubbles. Looking for bubbles. And that will help me identify where is the bubbles are coming from. That's where the perforation is. Now, we've seen it before. We don't put it in warm water. 4:49 Why? because the lung will shrink. We don't put it in cold water because that'll cause the lung to harden. Sorry, rather we go and we check in lukewarm water. If ultimately then the water bubbles then that's indicative that it's a tra that there is a perforation and if not now if it doesn't bubble then ultimately again it's kasher. Now again 5:18 say but what do you do with the fact that there's hissing in other words so there's air there's air that is escaping so what do you do with that oh that's indicative elo sorry that's indicative that the inner the inner pulmonary membrane has been perforated but the outer one is not and I will say as we've established before 5:41 in order for the animal to be a tra both membranes have to be perforated so what so again if you hear hissing. But let's say in the water test there's no bubbles. That's indicative the outer membrane is intact. Inner membrane is perforated. What's the hissing? What's the hissing? 5:58 That's air getting trapped in between the two membranes. And apparently that does not make the animal a fascinating. Good. Let's go back to just like a lot of interesting. Say this is interesting. Let's say the lung itself liquefied inside of the membrane. So this is an interesting case because essentially all of the I just want to get it in once. All of the 6:24 lungal matter, right, is is inside, right? It's it's all that's it. Now I'm done, right? All all of it all of it is there. It just liquefied inside of the membrane. So that's and literally when we say liquefy, liquefy means liquefy. Other words, if you were to open up the membrane, the the contents, the pulmonary contents would actually just pour out. What's 6:47 fascinating is that the animal is kasha. The animal is kasha. Now we'll say now what's fascinating about this? What's what's the seems to be that although the lung liquefied it's there, right? In other words, the whole of traa is that something is missing. Something is deficient. Here the lung liquefied but it's it's present inside of the animal. 7:09 Now what do you see from here that an internal deficiency some something missing internally ultimately again is not called okay look at just a moment it's if you move your finger left in about 10 lines up from there you'll see it so the flesh the actual the flesh of the lung itself liquefied inside of the 7:36 membranes So the imagery is if you can imagine if you could look at the let's say the membrane of the lungs as like a bag and you were to be holding that membrane literally again if you were to move it side to side the contents of the lungs the liqufied lungs would literally swish back and forth ultimately says nevertheless in his why because says 8:08 Literally an internal deficiency is not considered to be a deficiency. Remember again Mishna said that if the lung is now literally means perforated means deficient. So the say what does it mean that it's deficient. 8:30 If you want to say that it's externally deficient that's case of perforation. The case of preparation is where literally again I see a piece of the lung missing or I hear a piece of the lung missing that's if it's external rather must be internally deficient that if there's something ultimately again internally missing which would seem to be the case of liquefification 8:54 and therefore again what we call an internal an internal deficiency in other words something missing as in a case of the lung liquefying should absolutely be a tra to which the says It's not true. The case of is also an external deficiency. 9:10 But that's what you said before. Isn't that the case then of perforation? We've seen this before. We'll explore it more. Shim says that that that perforation of the lungs is only problematic if the perforation goes all the way to the bronchi. All right. That's only type of perforation that makes it that makes it a traaime. So when is that true? When does when does Rabi Shiman say that pulmonary 9:38 perforation is only problematic if it extends all the way to the bronchi? When is that true? That's only true if it's a perforation where there's no where there's no act there's nothing missing from the lung. But if you have a perforation ultimately again where a piece of the lung itself is actually missing 10:02 Shim even shim will agree that that animal is called the traa. So we'll say this is actually very interesting. So first of all just as an aside we have this ongoing makus. What is the definition of pulmonary perforation? Tanakama holds perforation. Again it's the air test. As long as there's enough air escaping that it would move a feather that it would move a piece of straw that it would remove saliva that ultimately by the way not not all three 10:28 just one one one of the three. Then that is considered to be a perforation that makes it a traa. Rabbi Shim says it's only a traa if it's perforated all the way until the bronai. But even Rabbi Shim will agree that if it's perforated in a way that there's a piece of the lung that's missing need not go all the way into the bronai. 10:46 Incredible. And therefore again that would seem to include this case of liqueification tells a story is in fascinating case became ill and again say in general when talks about ill right it doesn't usually mean like a head cold right usually uh right it's usually when when someone is ill they're talking about like deathbed 11:12 deathbed ill so listen to this so the say became So listen to this speaker visit, right? So all the come to visit. What did they bring him? They brought a liquefied lung. Some people bring flowers you know you know others others you know bring whatever I don't know some chocolate. So they brought in a liqufi first of all clearly hospital 11:38 policies visitation policies were very different back then right? Imagine they walk into the guy's on his deathbed. They bring guy I shouldn't say guy is on his deathbed and they're bringing in a liquefied lung asking him what is the say now just you just just to appreciate what is happening over here because you can think about this you're like what is going on over here the man is dying you're bringing a liquefied lung into 12:01 his into literally into his hospital into his into his room right by his deathbed. So you have to appreciate something. Once upon a time, we mentioned this many times before. Once upon a time was literally bal, right? Once upon a time, all of this, all of this, what we call the oral tradition of Yiddish was literally oral was handed down to rebi, which means when the Rebi died, when the 12:25 Rebi died, anything, any Torah that he had not shared went with him to the grave. That's how it worked. And therefore you see this all the time throughout shas that whenever a great person is on his deathbed the students are all around and they're there for one simple reason to extract as much information as they can while their rebi was still in this world. That's what was 12:48 happening. So now again this this was which by the way is so beautiful on so many levels. Number one the job of a rebi is never done. The job of rebi is never done. There are certain responsibilities in life that you never finish. and certain responsibilities in life that you never retire from, right? 13:04 One never stops being a parent. Hopefully, again, one never stops being a spouse and one never stops being a yid and one never stops being we're all teachers in different ways. We all we all have people who look to us for guidance. That responsibility to provide guidance for those who are dependent on us never stops and on his deathbed this is his a so they brought before him this 13:28 liquefied this liquefied lung soak and he said it's kasher he passed so says okay so now watch this and that's by the way this seems to be the seems to indicate that the liqufied lung again over here is interestingly enough. It's intact. It's there. It's just liquefied. The animal will not be a trap. Now, the gives one 13:52 more qualification for this, which is as long as the bronchi are intact. Okay. How are you seeing that? Right. How do it's liquefied? How do you know that the bronchi are intact? So, I say yeah. Okay. So the kymphonos armlay and and and by also when you think about this with liqufied it's also like even though rashi gives the mush of like moving it you know one side to the 14:16 other remember you could have a mass that is liquidy that still moves like that right even though again there's some mush there is still some substance to it so says now the bronai have to be intact how do you know that how would you know that so very simple So you bring this is very interesting. 14:39 Rashi says over here. So this is an earthnware vessel that is coated with lead. So apparently this was a very smooth a smooth um smooth utensil that allows you to see the contents of the liquid against this backdrop. So you bring this you bring this earthnware utensil coated with lead. 15:05 Pour the contents pour the contents of the membrane of the pulmonary membrane into this bowl. If there are white streaks white streaks apparently would indicate liquefied bronchi. If there are white streaks indicating liquefied bronchai ultimately again the animal is a trao. But if there are no white streaks and that indicates that the bronai are still intact and 15:29 therefore incredible. So here we go. So says if you have a a a lung that dissolved but the membrane is still intact. Rashi says over here said this is an interesting case. So nimuka dissolve is different than liquefied. Liqufi is as we said before the entire lung is there. The lungs are 16:04 there. They're just liquid and again you could swish them back and forth within the membrane. Mimuka means it's partially dissolved, which means again it's not in its fully solid mass state, not fully liquefied that it could be swished back and forth like that, but there's a piece of it missing. There's something there's something absent there. That's some some part of it is missing. 16:35 There's some part of it that is deficient. So the says the membrane the membrane is intact. Now the fact that the membrane is intact kind of indicates to us the the the pulmonary matter it didn't fall out somewhere right there's no perforation but whatever the reason is something's missing inside. It's clearly it's it's it's liquefying 17:00 right and some of it is missing inside. says that supports this. If you have a lung that begins to dissolve but its membrane is intact ultimat means is even if there's so much of the lung that is just gone that the actual membrane could hold a raas of another 17:30 liquid it's still kasher it's still kasher incredible nitl of meas 48a nitla Shal say this is actually interesting case. We're going to see this later on. What happens if the uterus of the animal was removed says over here is so let's say again the uterus of the 17:54 animal was removed the animal is still the animal is still considered to be. So removal of the uterus does not make the animal a tra. What happens if the liver becomes wormy? This actually happened. 18:12 So this is actually so such an interesting story. So this happened. This happened and the people of Assa was a place. The people of Assa went up three times to Yavn say what's in Yavapna. So remember again Yavna was one of the places where the Sanhedrin was exiled right by the by the by the instruction. So they went three times up to ask this question to Yav. And what 18:35 happens? The third time they came, the third time they came ultimately again they got a header. They said that a wormy liver does not make the animal a tra. Fascinating. Now why three times right ultimately again what obviously this was this was a debated issue. That's what it is. There was the inability to give an answer right out of the gate. There was some level of but finally again on the third visit they got resolution. So 18:59 again so interestingly enough what comes out of here is as follows. So essentially four number one is if the lung liquefies as long as the bronchi are intact the animal is going to be kasher right how do you know that the bronchi are intact you have the earth and wear earth and wear lead earth and wear vessel coated with lead test right as long as there's no white streaks in the liquid you're good to go white streaks in liquid that indicates that 19:22 indicates liquefied bronchai that was case one case two is mimuka where it begins to dissolve something's missing something's missing Ultimately, even if there's so much missing that you could contain a reve of liquid inside of the pulmonary membrane, that's still going to be kasher as well. 19:40 Next, if the animal's uterus is missing, that is does not make it a tra still kasher. And wormy liver doesn't make it a tra ether. It's still going to be kasher. Okay. Incredible. So, we'll say this is very interesting. What happens if you have a lung that is attached to the chest wall? To the chest wall. So says 20:06 we are not concerned about it. Now what is this? Take a look at Rashi. Rashi is the last wide line on the top of so literally what it means is it's attached to the rib cage. It's attached to the rib cage. So what's what's the issue in says so here's what I have to be concerned about. If I have a lung that attached to the rib cage maybe there was a wound on 20:32 the lung or perforation on the lung and that's why the lung itself attached to the rib cage. Now remember again that would make the animal a tra because as we've seen once there's been a perforation in the lung scabbing or anything else or attaching it to the rib cage is not is not going to do anything. 20:48 So I so so let's finish Rashi. He says so we we aren't concerned that there was an injury in the in the lung that caused it to attach to the rib. So what is this? This is actually interesting. Rather we assume actually the problem must have been with the rib cage. 21:13 something must have happened with the rib cage and which caused the lung to attach to it. So in other words, if we find if we find the lung attached to the rib cage, the operates from the assumption something happened some some some injury must have caused the two to connect. Is saying is we assume the injury was on the rib cage side and not 21:36 on the lung side. That is a very important distinction because injury on the rib cage side doesn't really matter to us. That's not a traile. It's not a tra issue. But injury on the lung side would be a tra. So we assume that the injury is on the rib cage side but not the lung side. Fascinating. Fascinating. 21:52 Now however what happens if the if the lung began to blister. So in that case again Rashi says what happens if in the area where the lung is attached to the rib cage the lung begins to blister then in that case that's different which makes sense. Except if the lung is developing blisters right around the 22:21 area of attachment that would seem to indicate to us that there's something wrong with the lung and therefore again it's going to be it's going to be a it's going to be a traud in the name of he says no either way you have to be for this in other words anytime that the lung is attached to the rib cage you have to be concerned that maybe there is an injury in the lung 22:48 which would then render it a soar say but the sh is okay I understand have to be concerned but still I I don't know right remember I I don't know why don't I know why don't I know because I can't see right now what's happening at the area where they are attached so what do I do this is very interesting so explain the following to me so I bring a knife with a very thin thin 23:18 and sharp blade. Rash says its mouth, its mouth is very thin, very sharp and very thin. So I want to bring a very thin and very sharp knife. What am I trying to do? What am I trying to do? I'm trying to separate the lung from the rib cage. But of course I want to be very careful not to perforate the lung in the process. 23:46 So, and I remove the lung from the rib cage. So, if I see that there's some type of infection or some type of injury by the rib cage, I now I understand that the source of the adhesion was the rib cage, not the lung. But if I can't find anything on the rib cage, so this is very interesting. If I can't find anything on the rib cage, then I 24:15 assume that the problem was with the lung. Now, what's the even though I don't hear any hissing from the lung? So, this is very interesting. So, the suggesting over here is like this. When you kind of do this precision precision process and you detach the lung from the rib cage, if you find some type of injury on the rib cage, you're good to go. You're good to go. We assume it's that. If you find nothing on the rib cage essentially even 24:40 if you don't find anything on the lung we have to be kosh that the animal is a traa thear is operating under the assumption over here that the only reason why the lung attached to the rib cage is because something happened that doesn't apparently it doesn't occur naturally. So something happened if you can't find the something on the rib cage the something must be on the lung. Ah you can't see it whether you can see it 25:05 whether you can hear it or not almost is irrelevant. Something clearly happened and if I can't be told it's on the rib cage it must be the lungs. Incredible. Incredible. So this is very interesting would check this in warm water. Say what does that mean? Take a look. 25:31 So say this is fascinating. This isra this isra. So was even more what does that mean? So in a case like this would detach the lung from the rib cage. Let's say you found an injury on the rib cage. So based on what we learned, if I found the injury on the rib cage, then what? 25:46 Then what? Then I should be done. I should be totally done. Was to still go ahead and put the rib in warm water for the hissing test. Right. Of course, the famous hissing test. Right. So right. So he would still Sorry. Um yeah, in lukewarm water. lukewarm water for the hissing test. Right? So he was he was still careful to go ahead. So this was a 26:08 this was a that he did. Fascinating. Say that which that's that which that which again remember is what we just said before that even if you detached the lung from the rib cage and you found an injury on the rib cage was still to test the lug in a bowl of water. So that so so that said 26:43 so you learned it from there. We actually learned this. We learned the statement on a different statement of the if you have two loes of the lung that are stuck to each other means ultimately again there's an adhesion. They're stuck to each other. 27:06 There is no way to check what's going on because alo remember again when the lungs are stuck to each other once again we have to be concerned is there some type of injury that is causing them to stick to each other not true would go ahead and put it in warm water so you're going to both say the point over here is there's a little bit of a as to as to right here's what we know is saying is saying When in 27:35 doubt, when you have a suffach egg, use the warm water test, right? Use the lukewarm water test. There just two there's a mlo as to when this concept is applied. Originally, they applied it in the case of the of the lungs stuck to the rib cage. Now, they're saying again, we could use it in the case of Rabba where the two loes are stuck to each other. We don't know what's happening under the loal adhesion, right? What 27:57 what is going on over there exactly says no problem. Just use the warm water test and you can see what's going on. Incredible. Asked the following. Hi my what is going on over here? Right. How do we what does this last piece mean? Say I don't see how you're comparing these two cases. Now the is now dealing with two cases. One case is where the lung is the lung is adhering to the rib 28:23 cage and the other is where the two loes of the lung are are adhering to each other. So Raashi says I don't understand how you're comparing these two cases. I don't understand in the case of the lung which aderes to the rib cage if you go ahead and literally surgically carefully detach the lung from the rib cage and you find the injury on the rib cage you're good to go you're good to go okay I got it has his his additional 28:47 that you should still do the warm water test on the lung that's fine but once you go ahead and identify that there's an injury in the rib cage that's where we know the issue is in the case of the two loes that are stuck to each other I understand in the case of the two loes he says again remember something's going on over here right because apparently again the adhesion 29:13 does not happen without something something's causing it so what are my two possibilities we'll call it either lobe A has an has a perforation or or or or injury or lobe B does but something's going on over here so the truth is even when they're stuck together I don't know maybe it doesn't even matter to detach them Because clearly if they're if they're attached something occurred and either way it occurred in one of the loes which make it a 29:38 really now we're going back for just a second was the one who introduced this entire topic that when you have a lung that is attached to the rib cage in you don't have to worry about it. We don't have to worry about In other words, we assume that we assume that that whatever injury occurred is on the rib cage side, not on the lung side and therefore 30:02 you're good to go. Not going to really say this yet again said that if you have if you have a lung that was perforated and ultimately again the rib cage closes it up ultimately again the the the lung is the animal is going to be to which the says look for just a moment So remember again, let's take a step 30:37 back from statement. Dr. Ramman said two things. Number one, that in general when the lung is attached to the rib cage. Don't worry because we could assume that whatever is happening is happening on the rib cage side. However, what Ramman then did say is if it blistered, we'd have to be have to be. Now what that means is now what that means is that what does have to be that we have to be that the lung has a perforation and even 31:00 though the pulmonary perforation is sealed up by the rib cage that's not enough. Soakman really is of the opinion that a pulmonary perforation is sealed by the rib cage does not remedy the perforation. Says really is that true? But we have Nakman on record saying just the opposite. 31:17 literally explicitly if you have a perforated lung and the rib cage is closing up the perforation what he said before says it depends it depends one is talking about ultimately again where it is in an area where it is normal for the rib cage to plug up the lung the other is talking about where it's not normal for the rib cage to plug up. What does 31:47 that mean? Take a look at Rashi almost literally means over there. This is the way it grows. That's literally what it means. Normal of growing says, so again essentially say like this, if what happens is that the lung is perforated and it's pressing up against the rib cage in an area where that is normal, right? that's the normal course of things then will say yeah that's 32:17 kasher that's kasher because that could just be part of the normal maturation normal growth of an animal right so again that's a normal part where the rib cage would be providing that service so to speak to the lung where is it problematic where is it problematic so however I'm finishing however say when would it be problematic if let's say again the lung adhered to a 32:45 piece of the rib cage that was not normal, that was not in alignment. That's where there's a problem. So there's interesting distinction. So according to the the rib cage plugs up, the perforation in the lung, it works as long as it's natural. In other words, the piece of the lung is naturally aligned to that piece of the rib cage. 33:04 When is it problematic? When a non-aligned part of the lung connects to a non-aligned part of the rib cage, even though the perforation is sealed up, that's going to be a traa. Incredible. Give me an example ultimately again of we'll call it normal normal pulmonary rib cage alignment to which the says an area where the loes by the separation 33:27 of the loes area lobes are separated themselves that ultimately again would be revis. So again holds that if you have a perforation in the lung and it is sealed up by the rib cage ultimately again it is going to be fine as long as it's it's what we'll call normal alignment normal alignment is going to be totally fine. If however 33:58 again there's blistering that's problematic because that's indicative of something wrong with the lung. If you go ahead and but obviously the easiest way is you're going to check this out. Take the strike the sharp knife. Second pain, take the sharp knife, detach it. If again, you find something on the rib cage, you're good to go. If you find something on the lung, it's a even if you didn't find something on the lung, you only find something on the rib 34:21 cage, still do the warm water test. Okay? Incredible. If you have a lung that was perforated and the rib cage closes it up ultimately again it is says the okay so this is very interesting say this is only true which part of the rib cage is it attached to not the bone of the rib cage but rather 34:47 again the flesh in between the ribs right so as long as ultimately again it's attached to that So when we speak about the the lung attaching itself to the rib cage, it's really talking about attaching itself to the fleshy part in between the ribs, not as much to the bone itself, which actually makes sense. When it's attached to bone, that's not going to 35:23 necessarily create a definitive or an ongoing seal. When it attaches itself to the more fleshy parts, that's going to go ahead and create an ongoing seal. Fascinating. The says, "So, okay. And if it doesn't, and if the perforated lung doesn't attach itself, say, I just want to point out how interesting this is. Why? Why is it what why is this a little bit like shocking?" It's a little bit shocking because we've 35:49 been operating with one basic truth this entire time, which is when the lung is perforated, it's tra and and pulmonary scabbing does not help. You might say, "You're right. Pulmonary scabbing does not help." But there is one type of plug which will help, which is when it attaches itself to the ribs. We saying the rib cage, but it's really not the bone of the rib, but rather again, it's the fleshy part of the rib and when it's in alignment. So, when it's in alignment, it makes sense now that that 36:12 will serve as a plug for the for for the perforation of the lung. Incredible. So, and if it doesn't plug it up, if it doesn't attach itself to the fleshy part of the of the lung, then what? It's a ultimately again because then it'll be perforated. If that's the case, said even if it attaches itself to the fleshy part of the in between the ribs, 36:38 shouldn't it be problematic? again. So now we're totally jumping gears over here in just a moment. This is talking about a case ultimately again of what we call a shif a shifa is a man who has some type of of perforation and uh vast defence or something else that doesn't allow the the sperm to come out with force. So there's no like 37:05 ejaculatory force. Instead again when he ejaculate it drip it drips. This is what's called in because the says such an individual is not capable of having children and therefore there are certain limitations as to who this person is allowed to marry. So that's the case if there was a perforation if this man experienced a perforation ple means he's not allowed 37:29 to marry just into the general population so because it like drips it drips instead of coming out with force missed. So let's say there was some type of perforation but then perforation was sealed up ultimately again but once the perforation is sealed then ejaculation can happen with force in which case again he's fit to marry into the general population. 37:54 This is a case of of someone of an invalidation that was then rectified and remedied. The gimmar says saying and this is actually quite a beautiful that there are certain things that are broken that can be made whole right not not everything that is possible if forever remains possible. So this is an example of saying that some someone that's possible that then becomes says 38:18 when we say this what what does that come to exclude isn't that coming to exclude the case of the perforated lung that becomes attached to the fleshy part of the rib cage that that's still not good right then maybe that type of perforation forever remains ple no that's coming actually to exclude a case of typical ical scabbing, right? 38:42 That if you have a lung that was perforated because of some type of injury and then it scabs over. So now technically speaking, it's closed up. That's not called the scab. That does not work. So the asked the following question. 39:02 What happens if look at just a moment? So you both say so here's the shot. So now this is actually really interesting. So what we're going with now is like this if if the lung itself is perforated and then you have a scab on the lung. So that's that's a traer. Everyone's going to agree with that. The interesting exception to this rule is if you have if you have a perforation on the lung and the lung properly in proper alignment 39:30 attaches itself to the fleshy part of the rib cage, we're good. We're good. Okay asks a fascinating follow-up Shiloh. What happens if what happens if what happens now? The other side of the fleshy part of the rib cage now gets perforated. So say see what's happening over here the perforated lung attached 39:57 itself to the wall of the rib cage. When we say wall the rib cage just per to the fleshy part. Let's say now a hole develops on the other side of that wall. Does that impact the lung? So the perforation is not in the lung, right? The perforation is on the other side of the rib cage, but yet that that fleshy part of the rib cage is what's sealing up the lung. What's the status now of the lung? Look at just a moment. 40:24 Now we're talking about a case where the lung is perforated, but the perforation is sealed by the fleshy part of the rib cage. So now what happens if over time the other side the other the other side of the wall of the rib cage where right on one side the rib is attached to it sorry on one side the lung is attached to it and now what happens if it becomes per on the other side what's the my so the 40:55 says and traa which which makes sense because if it's the wall of the rib cage that is sealing up the perforation that is allowing the animal to be kasher and now that very wall is perforated then the animal is going to be a tra okay fascinating to which says listen if that's the case that should have been included in the list of traus there should be a category called if the wall 41:18 of the rib cage is perforated now again say now remember that's a tricky case because the truth is the wall of the rib cage perforated doesn't make the animal tra if you have a lung that is attached to the wall of the rib cage and then on the other side of that wall there's a perforation now the animal is a so why not include that using that logic listen to this if you have the gallbladder gallbladder was perforated 41:42 the muscle but the liver plugs it up we saw this case before in a little bit liver plugs it up ultimately again then the gallbladder is going to be kasha because it's plugged up by the liver you're say by the way that was also the same qualification assuming that it's a place where the gallbladder and liver are normally next to each other that'll What happens now say if the liver itself becomes perforated on the other side 42:09 where right if it becomes perforated on the other side of where it's plugging up the gallbladder again remember again what's the normal with liver perforation liver perforation totally fine remember again liver liver you're good to go as long as some little bit either it's a little bit or a kizayas but some little bit is intact so therefore if the gallbladder is perforated that could be a trade But if the if the gallbladder 42:32 preparation is plugged up by the liver, you're good to go. Well, what happens if on the other spike? So let's say side A of the liver is where it's plugging up the gallbladder. Let's say a perforation develops on side B. What's the tra? It's a tra to which says listening. Then you should also include in the list of traasers. A perforated liver should also be a type of tra to which the says to 42:55 which no because that's not what we're talking about when when the Mishna discusses the cases of traus. We're not talking about a case where an item that independently becomes becomes perforated doesn't become a traa. So let's say a perforated liver doesn't become a tra, right? A perforated rib cage doesn't become a traa. So we're not going to list that. 43:19 Yes. Are there cases of a perforated liver which could create a traphocatis in the animal? Yes. But it's not really because the liver is perforated. It's because now the liver perforation ultimately again compounds the gallbladder perforation. The same case there's no case of rib cage perforation that's problematic. It's only if the lung is attached to the other side. 43:40 We're not listing those cases in. So therefore, so in the case of the rib cage, it's not the perforation of the rib cage that makes the animal the tra. It's the fact that the lung is attached to the rib cage that creates the problem. Okay. So we'll say first line at the bottom. What happens if the lung began to blister? 44:04 The lung began to blister. What do we do in that case? I'm like ultimately again that is kasher. Listen to this. So listen, this is great. So Rabbi is asking this from I'm sorry. He's asking this from what happens if the lung began to blister. What's the status of the lung? Said I agree, but the are driving me crazy. 44:29 Right? They want to be in this and say that a blistering lung is obviously indicative of some type of perforation and therefore should be traal ultimately again if it's filled with then it's going to be if it's filled ultimately again with water it's going to be interesting so we're going to get more into that in just a little bit as well that statement actually again was 45:00 talking about was talking about the kidney not about the lungs. Watch this was walking behind the shook. Okay. In the in the in the meat market they saw that the butchers the kosher butchers were selling lungs and the lungs were filled with blisters. Filled with blisters. So say watch this. So again 45:26 is walking behind. would you like a piece of meat? In other words, why why don't you get some lungs? We haven't had lunch yet, right? Why Why don't you Why don't you get yourself some lungs? Says, "You know what? I don't have any money on me. I we don't have any money on me." To which says, "No problem. I'll get you a store credit." Say, "What's happening over here?" 45:53 Sorry. Raisk wants to see what Raberia holds by by lungs with by blister by blistered lungs. That's what he's trying to see. So he's noticing they're walking in the meat market. Why do you go to the meat market? Why go to the meat market? Right. Why to buy meat? He's noticing that what he's not buying is the lungs with blisters on it. So he's trying to do Rabbi, you don't want you don't want any meat. No, no, I'm having a salad. 46:14 You know, like I I don't have any I don't have any money on me. Oh, I'll get you some credit. Don't worry. I'm going to lay. So finally Rabier says, what do you want me to do? When we when we brought this sent us and and ultimately again he sent that it's that a blistering lung ultimately again is going to be mut 46:48 but my himself never actually permit this my never actually permitted the blistering lung. So therefore again I don't eat the lung with blister. Not saying it's not kosher but I myself don't eat it says when we walk behind in the shook on days now interestingly enough this was the shook of the leather workers when I went when I fell behind them in the 47:14 shook of leather workers others say it was ki kandi we saw these lungs and these lungs literally again had big blisters on it says kandi kandi is smok very large blisters but ultimately again Rabba said that didn't say anything right it's not like he said how could they be selling these 47:42 lungs so his silence would seem to indicate that the appearance of blisters on the lungs does not make does not make the animal to a trade of would walk through the shook they saw these blisters that were tiny says so there's candy blisters which are good and then there's tiny blisters which are even which are even bigger these are hardened blisters these were 48:16 blisters that were as hard as rocks and they didn't say anything they both say obviously these these lungs were being sold in the kosher meat market the fact that these did not say indicates what that it's that it's the says good ultimately again didn't say anything which say seems to be that the that the indication that the conclusion of the is 48:43 that lungs with blisters ultimately again would be kasher would be ultim even even though again blistering would seem to indicate that something's going on with the lung seems that the majority opinion was it does not go ahead and create the traus scenario Although remember what you clearly do see is that even those that held it technically was mut would not eat those lungs. Incredible itmar. Let's go a 49:07 little bit vlog. I made a conscious decision today that we're gonna we're gonna we're gonna take our time with it. We're not we're not going to run because gimmar really is is good. At the end of the day somehow at the end of a seven and a half year cycle we finish with the rest of a lot of there'll be a short sometime in the next four months. So we'll we'll we'll we'll catch up then. But again this way these gimmar actually I will say are very attainable very achievable. It's a lot 49:31 of information, but we'll take it slow and we'll we always we always somehow catch up. One more line, then we'll stop for today. Say this is a very interesting case. What happens if you find a needle inside of the lungs? Okay. Now, obviously what we're talking about over here is but there's no perforation, right? Because if there's a perforation, okay, that's it. The animal's a traa. In this case 49:55 over here, you find a needle inside of the lungs, but there's no perforation. So what what is this? So this is really fascinating. All say that it's okay. Needle in the lungs. No pulmonary perforation. 50:18 Is the animal kasha or not? Maybe they're arguing about the following. One says like this. Obviously, if there's if there is a needle inside of the lungs, what must be by definition true? There must be some part of the lung that's missing. Other words, you can't have a needle rattling around in there without something going on. So, one opinion holds that therefore this definitely part of the lung that's missing and therefore the animal is a 50:43 one says no internal the fact that it's missing something internally does not automatically make it a says no that's not true. Everyone agrees that when something is missing on the inside of the lung, it doesn't automatically make it a tra. Now we already know that because this is the case of the liquefied lung case that is that it's kusher. So obviously what we call even though we know we know that by 51:08 definition there's something missing that doesn't automatically make the animal a tra. So what's the over? So we'll say okay you know what we're gonna I'm a cliffhanger. What's the makus? So say we're going to see just coming attractions is how did that needle get in there? That's going to be the fundamental. How do we assume the needle got in there? And obviously how the needle got in there is going to 51:30 impact the kashai. What a d. What a d everyone. What a day. Everyone's going to have a great day. Good question. I just determin this cabinet cabin is not good and then just brings the M. 51:53 Okay, they didn't do anything. So that makes sense. Is that a lot of >> say one more time? the why this is trying to show the scabs and then
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